Gender Roles in Vietnam and in the United States - 1178 Words

This paper I interviewed my grandmother with gender role because I think she knows more about that. So she could help me understand more about gender roles between the two countries such as Vietnam and the United States as well as what is a difference compared to the past and present. My grandmother was born and raised in Vietnam has more than 45 years ago, before my grandmother emigrated and lived in the United States so far. I posed various questions about the gender role with her. She replied that when she was born and grew up, she is considered a woman. She is also expected to become a successful woman, and take care of her family. She said that maybe she was a lucky woman than many other women because she was going to school and became a teacher before she married. Vietnam was lived in a conservative mode. She said in her country, womens inequality compared to men. Men have more power than women because women are considered to be housewives. People think that women are powerless in society because they are weak. Often, the family will let men go to school more than women. Women are not expected to achieve as much success because society thinks they should follow the order of the husband after marriage. People think that men can do any kind of work. They believed that the man could do some jobs better than women such as industrial and military. The notion that a woman should devote themselves to home and family was very popular. People thought that women should giveShow MoreRelatedThe Hmong Culture : A Community Is Defined As A Group Of People1713 Words   |  7 PagesA community is defined as a group of people that live in the same place and share the same characteristics and behaviors. David Hackett Fischer in his book states that many diffe rent characteristics make up a community and make them unique from other communities. Many different components go into making a community and defining a particular groups behaviors and ways of life. These traditional behaviors and ways of life are known as folkways. Folkways include but are not limited to: family waysRead MoreThe Battle Of The Vietnam War Essay1431 Words   |  6 Pagesforever change the landscape of America. However, the discussion of the Vietnam War was never far from people’s minds. This war would serve as an introduction to what war was to the home front. It was in the homes of America where so many had been previously sheltered from the realities of war. During previous conflicts, there had been a military censorship on all media that pertained to war. This would not be the case in Vietnam, it would be completely uncensored. The ability for reporters to provideRead MoreEffects Of The Cold War On The American People1709 Words   |  7 Pages12 J uly 2015 Effects of the Cold War on the American People After World War II came the development of another tension that involved the United States and the Soviet Union and their associated allies. The Cold War produced many dilemmas amongst the American people in terms of how they should comport themselves as a nation. Before World War II the United States had no interest in keeping a strong military system, nor did they send out troops outside of their borders. Also, they kept to themselvesRead MoreThe Vietnam War ( 1955-1975 )1575 Words   |  7 PagesThis investigation focuses on the Vietnam War (1955-1975), and will explore the question: â€Å"To what extent did role of Vietnamese women in society change after the Vietnam War?† The investigation will focus on the years 1945-1987, to analyze their role prior to the war, as well as after. The first source to be evaluated is The Position of Women in Vietnam, written by Richard J. Coughlin in 1950. The origin of this source is valuable because it was written during the time period that this investigationRead MoreBody1018 Words   |  5 PagesRey Chavez HST 203 Fall 2017 United States in the World Essay Throughout the course of history, war has been a major influencer in many societies. It was no secret that the United States had a very powerful military that could change the course of any war they join. World War II had the potential of changing the world to a fascist dominated bureaucracy. December 7, 1941, the Sleeping Giant was awoken at the attack on Pearl Harbor. With the help of the American government and theRead MoreOrientalism in M. Butterfly1278 Words   |  6 Pagesorientalism that continues to be discussed amongst today’s society; it is deemed odd or labeled as a fetish. M. Butterfly a Tony Award playwright written by David Henry Hwang consists of ideas related to orientalism through the layers developed in gender identity, global politics and art forms. The play begins in the present 1988 with Rene Gallimard sitting in a Paris prison. Gallimard declares himself as a celebrity, and relishes that his â€Å"fame has spread to Amsterdam, London, New York† (Hwang)Read MoreThe Fight Against Gender Inequality1135 Words   |  5 Pagesadvances on gender inequality, but the sexism still prevalent in all aspects of life and in most countries around the world. I am a woman. I was born and raised in Vietnam, where gender biased ideology is extremely prevalent throughout society. It is an ideology in which men are considered more important than women. In the spiritual life of Vietnamese, people must have a son to keep their family lineages continuously growing. This pressure is on people from generation to generations. The gender disparityRead MoreGender Inequality: To What Extent Does It Still Exist Today1257 Words   |  6 PagesGender Inequality: To What Extent Does it Still Exist Today? Throughout history, womens roles in society have been different than those of mens. Women’s jobs were generally connected to their traditional roles of caring for the home, raising children, making clothes, and cooking food, while men were the breadwinners in the families. Women had been brought up to become mothers (as well as nurturers) while men were brought up to become entrepreneurs and businessmen. It was not until the 1950s thatRead MoreThe Vietnam Womens Memorial Foundation Essay583 Words   |  3 Pages There is little official data on female Vietnam War veterans, because the military mostly favored recording the achievements of men in the army. The Vietnam Womens Memorial Foundation estimate that approximately 11,000 women were stationed in Vietnam from 1962 to 1973. Only about ten percent of women served as soldiers. The ones who did were normally treated as second class soldiers; their role was perceived only as a helpmate instead of a soldier, and they were ofte n put in dangerous situationsRead MoreThe World Into The American Image856 Words   |  4 PagesForeign policy, is government strategy of dealing with other countries. The United States had an â€Å"open door† policy where free flow of trade, investment, information, and culture were key principles in foreign relations. Later we started to become an intervening military, involved with other nation affairs, and wanting to promote liberty and democracy. The United States wanted to remake the world into the American image. World War I was the first test of Wilson’s belief that American power could

The Ukrainian Revolution and the Russian Takeover ot the...

The Ukrainian revolution of 2014 and the Russian takeover of the Crimean Peninsula presented the US with what appeared to be unique political challenges. On closer inspection, the Ukrainian crisis is actually quite similar to the Cuban Missile Crisis, with the opponents in opposite positions. With these two crises in mind, the paper will discuss how the ability to understand ones enemies, gain public support, and effectively utilize nuclear weapons presents a significant challenge for the US to leverage its military power to accomplish its political objectives. In order to discuss the Cuban Missile Crisis, it is important to go back to the roots of US involvement. According to the Monroe Doctrine of 1823, it is clear that the US†¦show more content†¦Although the US had credible intelligence from human sources, the intelligence community generally favored technical sources [Absher, pg 2]. The reliance on satellite and overflight imagery led the US to over assess the Sovie ts nuclear and missile strengths. It also prevented the intelligence community from prioritizing HUMINT sources to establish the objectives of the USSR. Finally, on 14 October, a U-2 spyplane took the first photos of Soviet missiles in Cuba. Once again, the Soviets deceived the US on 18 October, when the Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko assured President Kennedy that offensive missiles would not be placed in Cuba [Absher, pg 3, 48-57]. The United States had the ability to correctly assess the Soviets intent to deploy nuclear missiles to Cuba. If the US had a true understanding of the USSR and Castros intent, the crisis could have been avoided through other coercive and military measures. The US certainly had a nuclear advantage which it could have flexed to limit Soviet support to Cuba. Additionally, substantial military support could have been provided to the Bay of Pigs invasion to overthrow the Castro regime. Failure to understand the enemys intent in a timely manner preve nted the utilization of US military might to achieve US objectives. A second challenge for the US to translate its military power into political outcomes is the difficulty to generate public

The Theory Of Multiplication As Equal Groups Through A...

†¢ 1. The teacher established a mathematical goal to focus learning. In the beginning of the reading it said â€Å"Mr. Harris wanted his third-grade students to understand the structure of multiplication and decided to develop a task that would allow students to explore multiplication as equal groups through a familiar context† (Ex. Lines 4 and 5 provide evidence of established a mathematical goal to focus learning). The teacher also reminded the students of the initial goal,† ‘So, tell me about your picture. How does it show the setup 28 of the chairs for the band concert?’ (Ex. Lines 28 and 29 provide evidence of established a mathematical goal to focus learning). †¢ 2. He then implemented a task the promoted reasoning and problem solving.†¦show more content†¦Lines 63 provides evidence of posed purposeful questions). †¢ 7. Support Productive struggle in learning mathematics. The teacher did this when the students were working on their own methods of solving the problem. He allowed time for the students to draw out their representations. It never said, in the reading, how much time was given for the students to draw arrays, but based off molly’s representation she had enough time to draw 160 individual boxes. Also, in the reading the teacher goes by and sees that some students have changed their method of solving the problem (Ex. Lines 38 provides evidence of Support Productive struggle in learning mathematics). That would not have happened if there was not enough time to have a productive struggle. †¢ 8. Elicit and use evidence of student thinking. He did this throughout the whole lesson. He saw evidence of his students thinking when he asked them to draw arrays of their own representation of the problem (Ex. Lines 33 and 34 provides evidence of Elicit and use evidence of student thinking). This was also used in his lesson when he asked them to write â€Å"He knew this informal experience with the distributive property would be important in subsequent lessons and the student writing would provide him with some insight into whether his students understood that quantities could be decomposed as a strategy in solving multiplication problems.† (Ex. Lines 81-83 provides evidence of Elicit and use evidence of student thinking). 2.Show MoreRelatedLiberal Perspective of a State7979 Words   |  32 Pagesbelief in the importance of liberty and equal rights and so, the main theme of liberalism throughout the period of its development was that the purpose of state is the promotion and protection of human freedom and equality and ensuring of human happiness. Liberalism meant the removal of traditional distinctions that were imposed on people. Liberals espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of the principles of liberty and equal rights, but most liberals supportRead MoreAll the Mathematics You Missed but Need to Know for Graduate School17996 Words   |  72 Pagesthe most important undergraduate topics in mathematics, emphasizing the intuitions behind the subject. The topics include linear algebra, vector calculus, differential geometry, real analysis, point-set topology, differential equations, probability theory, complex analysis, abstract algebra, and more. An annotated bibliography offers a guide to further reading and more rigorous foundations. This book will be an essential resource for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in mathematicsRead More Assessing Conceptual Understanding of Rational Numbers Essay6231 Words   |  25 Pagessummer to write new mathematics curricula. â€Å"These teacher teams usually have little training in the complicated process of curricular development, little or no help in coping with changing needs, and little to fall back on except existing textbooks, familiar programs, and traditions† (Everybody Counts, 1989, p. 77). Although teachers should be a part of the decision making regarding curriculum, this is nearly an impossible task with nearly an impossible time frame. Teachers can’t possible become theRead MoreFormal Curriculum Assessment Essay4683 Words   |  19 PagesTodd (1965), E.A. Curriculum Development and Instructional Planning in Nederland, Texas stated that, â€Å"a curriculum can be defined as the planned educational experiences offered by a school which can take place anywhere at any time in the multiple context of the school, e.g. public schools as caring communities.† (p. 1) This describes a certain type of curriculum that is not only in the classroom, but outside of it as well. It should involve the community and all of the functions that are includedRead MoreHuman R elation Essay9189 Words   |  37 Pages Page 43 2 Human Relations Theory and People Management The minutiae of the human soul †¦ emerged as a new domain for management Nikolas Rose Conventional textbooks often set up a simple story about organization theory which has a very appealing structure. In this story, there is a good guy and a bad guy. Who gets to play which role sometimes shifts, but most often the bad guy is the scientific management approach and the good guy is human relations theory. This is a flawed story in my viewRead MorePhysics in Daily Life13985 Words   |  56 Pagesunderstanding of facts, terminology, principles and concepts; use units correctly; demonstrate an understanding of the application of Physics in everyday life; understand that scientific concepts are developed within a contemporary and historical context; recognise the importance of the work of key scientists; understand the outcomes of the applications of science. use Physics principles and concepts to describe and explain everyday situations; interpret data presented in tables, diagrams o r graphs;Read MoreSocial Influence of Television Advertisement on Children a Case Study of Selected Primary Schools in Somolu Local Government Area9371 Words   |  38 Pagesthoughts, feelings, attitudes, or behaviors that results from interaction with another individual or a group of people†. Social influence is distinct from conformity, power, and authority. French and Raven (1959) provided an early formalization of the concept of social influence in their discussion of the bases of social power. For French and Raven, agents of change included not just individuals and groups, but also norms and roles. They viewed social influence as the outcome of the exertion of socialRead MoreNationalism and Transnationalism in the Context of the European Union28567 Words   |  115 PagesNationalism and Transnationalism In the context of the European Union (†¦) History says, ‘Don t hope On this side of the grave.’ But then, once in a lifetime The longed-for tidal wave Of justice can rise up, And hope and history rhyme. So hope for a great sea-change On the far side of revenge. Believe that a further shore Is reachable from here. Believe in miracles And cures and healingRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagesreflect on the contributions which Michael Bromwich has made. He played an important role in the diffusion of modern practices of capital investment appraisal in the United Kingdom. He has been constantly open to the insights which advances in economic theory can provide into the accounting art, in many areas pushing at the frontiers of international knowledge in his own quiet way. In the area of costing, Michael has undoubtedly deepened our understandings of both conceptual and practical issues, in recentRead MoreCfa Study Guide15531 Words   |  63 Pagesmoney and statistics and probability theory. The time value of money concept is one of the main principles of financial valuation. The calculations based on this principle (e.g., present value, future value, and internal rate of return) are the basic tools used to support corporate finance decisions and estimat e the fair value of fixed income, equity, or any other type of security or investment. Similarly, the basic concepts of statistics and probability theory constitute the essential tools used

Is It Really All About Race Essay - 1142 Words

As an American, I have noticed that race is a contributing factor to how the justice system treats many Americans. For example â€Å"African Americans are arrested for drug offenses at rates 2 to 11 times higher than the rate for whites† according to a 2009 report on disparity in drug arrests by Human Rights Watch. This semester I want to further examine how all races, White,†(A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa)†Black or African American, â€Å"(A person having origins in any of the Black racial groups of Africa)†American Indian or Alaska Native,† (A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America)†Asian,†(A person having origins in any of†¦show more content†¦It can ruin a person’s reputation, and it occurs more often to certain races like Blacks and Hispanics. Growing up as an African American child I was never affected by racial discrimination. I grew in up the suburbs of south Florida and had many friends of all races. As a child, I was raised to judge people by who they are and what they do rather than on the color of their skin. However, when I moved and began high school in a different state I started to notice that many of the students, professors, and even local officers were, for lack of a better word, racist to not only African-Americans but also Hispanics and Middle Easterners. One example of this is the Trayvon Martin case where in the end a man who was clearly guilty was acquitted because of the fact that the suspect who he killed, Trayvon, might have been a â€Å"17 year old undisciplined punk thug† who was putting Zimmerman’s life in â€Å"danger†(Qtd from Sundance). It hurt me to see that as a world we have not learned from our past mistakes. After seeing so many cases of swayed judgment due to racial bi as, I wanted to look further into how race affects the judgment of others and if that leads to racial profiling. I found many sources that look at the creation of racial profiling, clear evidence of the occurrence of racial profiling, and how it has affected the lives of the people who are wrongly accused. One source I found is a scholarly article written by Professor David D. Cole, a professor atShow MoreRelatedIssues of Race in Dawn Essay784 Words   |  4 PagesHow do we know that we are human? How do we know that we got saved by another race? What is are race? Humans have many races Lilith, a human form the planet earth showed me that we really don’t know how to be human into we are put in are nature averment. The book is bass on the idea that human have distort them self’s in a war. The way that are society is we depend on race, religion, and cuter. In the early days we did not always black to be with white. In the book Lilith go throw awakening, wereRead MoreRac e : The Power Of An Illusion998 Words   |  4 PagesThe PBS series â€Å"Race: The Power of an Illusion† effectively works to expose race as a social construct and deconstructs the false notions that race is a biological marker. The series first discusses that all human beings originated from Africa but dispersed about 70,000 years ago to various places in the world. As a result of this migration, people were spread to different locations throughout the world with different environmental conditions that affected their physical traits. It was many yearsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Two Selfish Cantankerous Essay1639 Words   |  7 PagesTwo selfish cantankerous grandfathers continue a life-long feud over an unfinished 1965 drag race and their decision to finish the race brings chaos to their grandchildren’s pending wedding. BRIEF SYNOPSIS It’s a warm summer night 1965 in Detroit, Michigan. Two rival teens rev their engines for the drag race of their life, but the race is never finished. Fifty years later the men, Drake and Johnnie, get the surprise of their life when they meet again – for the wedding of their grandchildren, MATTIERead MoreThe Side Of A Mountain Home1515 Words   |  7 Pagescalled the side of a mountain home. I lived in Pennsylvania till I was about seven years old. It was still always considered home. I lived minutes away from my grandparents, cousins, aunts, and uncles. I was always seeing my family no matter what. The community was much closer. Everyone knew everyone and even who your parents were. It was just a close family and community life there. But I can look back and remember that there really wasn’t any one of any other ethnicity other than white. There couldRead MoreThe 9 / 11 Attack Essay1599 Words   |  7 PagesMany people, mostly immigrants, because of their race or culture have had to deal with marginalization, an act of making something or someone unimportant or powerless within a society or group, having them learn to work through it because they feel like they don’t have any rights and they need to do whatever it takes to support and keep their family and themselves safe. People like Muslims and Mexicans, whether their immigrants or not, are the ones that are marginalized the most making it hard forRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s The Crucible 872 Words   |  4 PagesThe South and Let America Be America Again, which are America’s equality, freedom, and Race. Langston talks about these three subjects clearly and shows to the audience of these poems how America still has problems for being a free country and how to the surrounding countries America looks to be free, but in the inside America is still struggling with Equality, Freedom, and Race. The first topic to discuss about how America needs a change, is the Equality of America. America still has a problem inRead More Racism is Ignorance and Fear Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesRacism is Ignorance and Fear   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Racism is really another word for ignorance. Its another way of saying that nature should have had only one type of flower or tree. Its another way of looking at the world with your eyes closed to diversity and change. Racism is another word for fear. Fear of the unknown is understandable, of course, and for many of us those of different races and creeds are the great unknown. Most of us are brought up in a particular environment with a particular typeRead MoreThe Old Man And The Sea Compare And Contrast Essay792 Words   |  4 Pagestwo setting are New York, New York, and Baltimore, Maryland. These two cities are both very large in size and that is an effect on Coates because there is so many people in each city. The setting in each of the novels is very large in scale and it really effects how both Santiago and Coates act in the book. A theme in each of the books is suffering from something or and someone close to each character. Santiago after being out on the water for something, finally caught the fish of his life, a marlinRead MoreThe Importance Of Privilege In Society846 Words   |  4 Pagesmade me re think my preconceptions of racism and race. I honestly thought I knew a lot about race, but come to realize I do not know as much as I thought. I learned a lot more about race by completing the privilege diary. We have a lot more privileges in the world then we think. We take so many things for granted. Some people don’t think race is a big deal but it is. Race has a lot to do with different types of cultures, traditions and more. Race and ethnicity are intense and extensive issues inRead MoreCharles Mills And The Political Theory Of Gender And Race1689 Words   |  7 Pagesthe general area of social and political philosophy, promoted an idea which is linked between the political theory of gender and race. Mill`s brought up the concept of how Blacks in America have certain implications that reflect towards their individual freedom as a whole. In his essay, â€Å"But What Are You Really?† The Metaphysics of Race† he extrapolates this view to how race is defined amongst our society and how he opposes racial realism. He guides his perception through dividing his argument through

Symbolism in Gran Torino free essay sample

Some symbols are obvious and some are easily missed if a person isn’t looking for them. Among the various symbols there are three that deserve extra recognition. They truly help to tell the story and fall perfectly in line with the movie’s underlying themes of life, relationships, and death. The first and most obvious is the Gran Torino, the car itself, representing the theme of life; the second is the refrigerator that Walt is moving out of his basement, less obvious but representative of a real turning point in the relationship between Walt and Thao, enhancing the theme of relationships; the third symbol, tying in with the theme of death, is the way Walt falls to the ground following the final confrontation with the gang. Considering it is the title of the film, one would expect the Gran Torino to play an active role in the movie. This is not the case, but the car still plays a very powerful role. This is not the case, but the car still plays a very powerful role. The vehicle is dually symbolic, being representative of Walt in one manner and of Thao in a very different one. The Gran Torino represents Walt in nearly every way, shape, and form. It is his connection to the past and to better times in his eyes. It is a symbol of a time when life made more sense to Walt. It represents the hard-working, patriotic era in which he was raised and the way he lived his entire life, which was holding true to those same attributes. And in the end, it is a symbol of Walt’s legacy. While the vehicle itself is part of his legacy, as it is passed on to another generation, it also passes on Walt’s beliefs and hardworking spirit. The Gran Torino evolves in its symbolism where Thao is concerned. It starts out representing the dangerous gang lifestyle that he is about to enter into when he is asked to and attempts to steal the car. As the story proceeds and Walt and Thao begin to form a relationship, it becomes a symbol of that relationship. Walt telling Thao that he can use the car to take a girl out on a date shows Thao that he has truly earned Walt’s respect and trust. Finally, at the end of the movie when Walt wills the vehicle to Thao, the Gran Torino comes to represent Walt himself. Thao will likely never be able to drive that car without thinking of Walt and everything the man did for him. The scene involving the refrigerator may be short, but it carries a lot of power in explaining the evolution of the relationship between Walt and Thao. Their initial association was forced and not welcomed by either side. As Walt watched Thao complete all of the neighborhood chores that he assigned, his attitude toward the boy slowly started to soften. Walt offers to sell the fridge to Thao for $25 as opposed to the $60 he was planning to advertise. This is the point where it becomes evident that Walt actually views Thao as a friend. This scene also shows that Walt’s â€Å"man training† is working. The personal transition that Thao is making is evident when he takes a stand and argues with Walt, insisting to lift the heavier top side when he helps Walt move the refrigerator out of the basement. It’s amazing how much a kitchen appliance can contribute to the story. The final symbol lasts no more than a few seconds but carries an immense meaning with it. In the final conflict with the gang, the viewers expect to see a heroic gun battle with Walt eliminating the entire gang. Instead what they observe is Walt managing to draw the fire of all of the gang members with no intent of ever fighting back. After being riddled with bullets, his body falls to the ground and lands with his arms straight out to the sides, much like the image of Jesus being crucified. This view of Walt in a Christ-like position carries the heaviest meaning of the entire film. Walt went to the gang’s house knowing that he would not walk away. He was willing to die to ensure that the gang members would be arrested, therefore unable to interfere with the lives of Thao and Sue, or cause any more violence in the rest of the community. Walt sacrificed his own life so that others would have the opportunity to live on and do so peacefully. Life, relationships, and death. These subjects probably lay the most common groundwork of the entire movie industry, but they are addressed in this film in a way that makes those ideas seem completely original. While one would not be hard-pressed to identify other pieces of symbolism in Gran Torino, the three addressed here are definitely some of the most important. There are many ways to tell a story. The car, the fridge, and the fall add so much depth to the film and offer an abundance of insight into the story and the characters that can’t be conveyed merely with dialogue.

Cirque Du Soleil free essay sample

Cirque du Soleil Q1. How would you assess the attractiveness of the circus industry in early 1980s? What would you conclude from industry analysis? The Circus has been an extremely popular form of entertainment during the 20th century. The circus creates an image of drifters and dreamers in the mind. In the 20th century the emphasis on spectacle continued on 3 ring formats. The following factors played a major role in the attractiveness of the circus industry:- * Animal acts provided an added form of entertainment along with the various circus acts. Electric lights and moving pictures also added to the magic of the circus. A series of ‘educational entertainments’ featuring people and historical montages from around the world. * The expansion of railways made it easier for the group to tour the country. This also reduced the travel time considerably. * Construction of arenas also facilitated to put on shows in a easier manner i. Analysis According to CdS’s website, the process of finding new talent for CdS is a long and involved process that can take years. To begin, an answer to the question of how to generate a sufficient pool of candidates to meet the needs of CdS’s current and future workforce requires some thought before moving forward with any recruitment initiative. Sources of recruitment run the gamut, each with their own pros and cons. The six identified for this paper include the use of the CdS’s career website, recruitment at Olympic games/sporting events, use of an employment agency, attendance at job fairs (i. . : â€Å"Red Curtain Events†), use of an employee referral program, and recruitment from circus schools from around the world. In addition, it is important to use decision-making criteria when choosing the appropriate recruitment source. Consideration should be given to hiring internally versus externally, forecasts, timelines for hiring, the types of position(s) needed , cost of the different recruitment methods, and the ability to interview and extend job offers on the spot. External Recruiting Techniques †¢ Cirque du Soleil Career Website: This is a relatively inexpensive option, can produce quick results, and is convenient for job-seekers. However, use of career websites, whether the company’s own or through an internet advertising agency, can produce a large amount of applications requiring screening by HR. Because this is a â€Å"paper† process, there is no personal contact, requiring the screener to decide solely on the information provided in print. Soft skills, otherwise known as personal attributes, cannot be easily identified, resulting in potential candidates being screened out of the process too early. †¢ Olympic Games/Sporting Events: Daniella Nicole argues that â€Å"sixty-five percent of CdS performers are athletes in their own right† (Nicole, 2010). What better place to look for athletic talent than at sporting events? CdS currently has â€Å"two talent scouts who regularly attend 15 prominent athletic events, and hold between 12 to 20 auditions each year† (Nicole, 2010). This is certainly a great tool for building a pool of candidates for future opportunities, but would not serve well for immediate needs. In addition, CdS is an organization of over 3000 employees (based on 2010 data), 12 to 20 auditions each year may not create a sufficient pool, hence the need for diverse options to be included in the recruitment toolbox. †¢ Employment Agency: As indicated in the textbook, â€Å"agencies can be particularly effective when the firm is looking for an employee with a specialized skill. This is most certainly the case for a large number of CdS’s positions. However, the two largest drawbacks to this option are the high cost of hiring an employment agency to find the talent and finding an agency that specializes in recruiting artists of this nature. †¢ Job Fairs (â€Å"Red Curtain Events†): These events, held around the world, attract a large number of candidates at any given time, allowing recruiters to meet with potential future employees providing the recruiter with an opportunity to see what the artist has to offer CdS. Although job fairs reach many candidates at one time, it involves an extraordinary amount of staff time and resources, as well as a significant cost investment for the venue. †¢ Employee Referral Program: â€Å"Studies have shown that employees who were hired through referrals from current employees tended to stay with the organization longer and displayed greater loyalty and job satisfaction than employees who were recruited by other means† (Gomez, Balkin, Cardy, 2010). Employee referrals are generally inexpensive and usually produce quick results. Downsides to this may include a lack of diversifying the workforce (only hiring those who are â€Å"like† those making the referral) and potentially may create narrow thinking rather than generating new ideas/creativity which is an important attribute to CdS. †¢ Circus School Recruiting: In the typical business world college recruiting is the norm. Not so for CdS’s unique needs in the performance arena. CdS, instead, can turn to performing arts youth circus schools around the globe such as the one in Highland Park, Minnesota, Circus Juventas where children and youth ages 3 – 21 train and perform in circus arts (Circus Juventas, 2010). The Montreal Circus School for the Arts brags that they have a placement rate of 95% since 1981 and that they â€Å"contributed to the emergence of such companies as Cirque du Soleil, Cirque Eloize and The 7 Fingers, whose performances are applauded around the world (Kindah, 2009-2010). The benefit of this type of recruiting is that it is inexpensive and provides an opportunity for a recruiter to witness the skill of many potential candidates by simply watching a performance. The drawback is the age of the youth who may not necessarily be able or willing to hire on with CdS until well into the future. Decision-making Criteria †¢ External vs. Internal Candidates: To reduce the cost of recruitment and training, internal candidates are an excellent source when openings arise. Use of promotions and job rotation/reassignments show employees they are valued, increasing morale within the organization. However, when internal candidates are not deemed to be the best qualified, external candidates should be considered. Although many external recruitment techniques reach many candidates at once, it may involve a significant amount of staff time and resources. Forecasting: Forecasting for human capital starts long before recruitment begins. Understanding labor supply and labor demand is a crucial first step to designing a recruitment plan. As indicated in the textbook, â€Å"failure to plan can lead to significant financial costs. †¢ Yield Ratios: Recruitment efforts must be able to solicit/recruit more candidates than it expects to hire since some candidates may be passed over (de clined) during the selection process, and others may not accept the job offer. Taking this into consideration will ensure CdS has enough individuals in the candidate pool for proper selection and placement to take place. †¢ Timeline for Hiring: Recruitment can be thought of like a circle, there is no beginning and there is no end, rather it is a continuous process. Everyone who works for the organization should consider themselves a â€Å"recruiter† and be marketing the organization as an â€Å"employer of choice† in all venues. Any good recruitment plan will have recruitment activities outlined for both short-notice needs and long-term strategic planning initiatives. For example, when an immediate need occurs, such as the case when CdS was dealing with a high percentage of staff injuries, referrals from current and former employees may be a terrific, quick, and inexpensive resource. However, when time is on their side, Olympic Games and job fairs are strategies to deploy when looking ahead to future shows. As stated by Theresa Witham in her article, Stable Staffing, â€Å"If you treat recruitment as a process rather than an event, you’ll always be able to move quickly when you need to increase staff† (Witham, 2009). Types of Positions: Decisions as to where to recruit will be made based upon the type of position needed. Office setting versus performing artist will require different tactics. Typically a recruiter will not use a sporting event to look for an office support position and vice-a-versa a recruiter would not typically look at a business college for a performance artist. Positions that require extensive travel may require a different approach altogether, ensuring candidates referred understand the rigors of the road. Even extending a contingent job offer, pending background, reference, physical information etc, can have its drawbacks. The recruiter will only have a partial picture of the candidate to whom an offer is extended, and once the â€Å"full picture† is in the decision is made to rescind the offer problems can arise. Conclusion The ability to effectively recruit requires a commitment not only on the part of CdS leadership, but of each employee, regardless of role in the organization, whether an individual is a manager or supervisor.